What does the term 'crosswind' refer to in aviation?

In aviation, the term 'crosswind' specifically refers to wind that blows perpendicular to the aircraft's flight path. When an aircraft is flying in a certain direction, a crosswind will be coming from the side, which can significantly affect the aircraft's handling, especially during takeoff and landing phases. Pilots must be aware of crosswind conditions because they can influence the approach angle and require adjustments in control surfaces to maintain a straight flight path. Understanding and managing crosswinds is essential for safe and effective aircraft operation, particularly during critical phases of flight.